^ The ligature և has no majuscule form when capitalized it is written as two letters Եւ (classical) or Եվ (reformed). One exception is մըն /mən/ (indefinite article, when followed by a word beginning with a vowel), e.g. ^ The letter ը is generally used only at the start or end of a word, and so the sound /ə/ is typically unwritten between consonants. The spelling reform in Soviet Armenia replaced իւ with the trigraph յու. In classical orthography, the letter usually represents /v/, except in the digraph իւ /ju/. ^ In reformed orthography, the letter ւ appears only as a component of ու. In reformed orthography, they are separate letters of the alphabet. ^ In classical orthography, ու and և are considered a digraph (ո + ւ) and a ligature (ե + ւ), respectively. ^ Iranian Armenians (who speak a subbranch of Eastern Armenian) pronounce this letter as, like in Classical Armenian. ^ Except in ով /ov/ "who" and ովքեր /ovkʰer/ "those (people)" in Eastern Armenian. ^ Primarily used in classical orthography after the reform used word-initially and in some compound words. Listen to the pronunciation of the letters in Eastern Armenian ( help. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Armenian letters. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right. 
The Armenian word for "alphabet" is այբուբեն ( aybuben), named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: ⟨ Ա⟩ Armenian: այբ ayb and ⟨ Բ⟩ Armenian: բեն ben.
The alphabet was also in wide use in the Ottoman Empire around the 18th and 19th centuries. The system originally had 37 letters eventually, three more were adopted. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The Armenian alphabet ( Armenian: Հայոց գրեր, Hayots' grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayots' aybuben Eastern Armenian: Western Armenian: ) is an alphabetic writing system used to write Armenian. For the distinction between, / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
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